WS3 Oscilloscope patterns

TPS(switch)
With the engine start the idle circuit is on to keep it running at the optimal air/fuel mix. As this is not a sensor but a switch, the ECU will not change the air/fuel mix until the switch changes to the WOT circuit. This will not happen till the throttle is depressed to 88degrees, at this point the switch activates and the WOT circuit kicks in, while the idle circuit stops. This tells the ECU that the engine is at needing an increased air/fuel mix so it can accelerate faster.

Oxygen Sensor
This pattern is showing the O2 sensor in closed loop. Open loop would be when the O2 sensor is not active, everytime you turn your car on the O2 is in open loop until it warms up to operating temperature. Closed loop is when the O2 sensor is cycling the air/fuel mix to evenly burn. It does this by sending its signal to the ECU which adjusts the air/fuel mix accordingly. When the air/fuel mix is lean it shows little voltage around .2V and when running rich its around .9V.



Hall Effect distributor
A=This is the dwell time
B=This is the firing time
C=This the peak voltage
The hall effect distributor works by passing a crystal by a magnet.
This means the electrons in the crystal are moving perpendicular to the magent. That then causes the electrons to get pulled to one side, giving a difference in voltage, which is then amplified by an op amp, which turns on the transistor.


Rpm sensor
This is the Rpm sensor, this is really showing the magent in the distributor at work. As the pole peice approaches the magnet, the voltage starts to increase as the air gap is getting smaller.
When the air gap is at its smallest the magnetic field is at its strongest at has fully saturated the trigger coil. As the pole peice or reluctor wheel moves away from the magnet, the magnetic field induced in the coil collapses and sends a negative voltage( a voltage in the opposite direction).
Then the next pole peice starts to come round and the cycle continues...

Injector pulse
The pattern us showing the injector being opened and closed. In the first square, this is showing the 12V supply. In the second square you can see the voltage drop to almost 0 as it is earthed, this is when the injector is open. In the fourth square the injector is turned off, this creates a back emf, in some cars this is used to charge the capacitors. In the 5th square, this shows the back emf fading as the injector returns to its normal 12VS.
If this injector pulse was faulty, this could effect the fuel/air mixture. If the injector stayed open to long it would let to much fuel though. This would flood the cylinder and cause the engine to run rich. This would then produce bad emissions and also reduce the power of the engine.

MAP(Manifold absolute pressure sensor)
This is a picture of a map sensor, while it was at idle. If the diaphragm had been damaged, it may not reach its max or min voltage. This could effect the output voltage to the ECU, which then is using the wrong information to run the car, which would obviously cause the car to become rich or lean. The higher the voltage the higher the pressure. So if the car was at idle like shown, it would raed around .8V-1V. At WOT the voltage would read at 5V.

Alternator Output
This pattern is showing that the AO is working correctly, as it is putting out 14.6V. If this was a faulty alternator, we would be able to see a lower voltage. Also if faulty the alternator would put out voltage spikes which you would be able to see with the oscilliscope. This is the alternator output, this shows that the alternator in my car is putting out 14.5V while it is running. If the alternator belt was slipping, it would not produce the voltage needed to charge the battery and run the some systems on the car.